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Objective:To evaluate the effect of whole-body vibration training on exercise ability and quality of life in patients with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods:Randomized controlled trials on the application of whole-body vibration training in COPD patients were retrieved from PubMed, Medline, EMbase, Web of Science, Wanfang, VIP, CNKI, Chinese biomedical literature database, and the literature was independently screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the data were extracted, a literature quality evaluation was performed, and the data were meta analyzed by using RevMan5.3.Results:A total of 9 RCTs was included in this study. Meta-analysis results showed that whole-body vibration training could improve the exercise endurance in COPD patients ( WMD=41.65, 95%CI 6.68-76.63, P=0.02), and improve their balance ability ( WMD=-2.31, 95%CI-3.38--1.23, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in improving BODE index, quality of life and lung function in COPD patients ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Whole-body vibration training helps improve exercise endurance and balance in COPD patients as a complementary or alternative exercise method for COPD patients. The impact on BODE index, quality of life, and lung function still needs further evaluation through clinical multicenter, large sample, high-quality research.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and related factors of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complicated by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Methods:The clinical data of 153 patients with COPD who received treatment in Xiangyang First People's Hospital from July 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 101 patients with complete data regarding pulmonary function and polysomnography who met inclusion criteria were selected. They were divided into simple COPD (COPD group, n = 33) and COPD + OSA (OS group, n = 68) groups according to whether they developed OSA. General clinical data, pulmonary function indexes and polysomnography indexes were compared between the COPD and OS groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the degree of airflow limitation and the related factors of COPD combined with OSA. Results:There were more males than females in each group. In the OS group, the proportion of males, body mass index, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1), forced expiratory volume in 1 second percent predicted (FEV 1%pred), the ratio of FEV 1 to forced vital capacity (FVC), apnea-hypopnea index and oxygen desaturation index in the OS group were 92.6%, 24.0 (23.4, 24.8) kg/m 2, 1.2 (1.2, 1.5) L, 50.0 (49.6, 59.4)%, 49.1 (46.9, 53.0)%, 15.4 (16.4, 25.3) times/h, 14.8 (17.3, 25.6) times/h, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the COPD group [75.8%, 23.0 (21.6, 23.7) kg/m 2, 0.9 (0.9, 1.1) L, 41.0 (38.3, 49.1) %, 41.9 (39.5, 49.24)%, 1.9 (1.6, 2.4) times/h, 4.0 (3.7, 9.7) times/h, t or U = 4.246, 1 399.000, 1 544.500, 1 483.000, 1 407.000, 2 244.000, 1 915.000, all P < 0.05]. The lowest oxygen saturation at night in the OS group was significantly lower than that in the COPD group [81.5 (79.4, 82.6) % vs. 87.0 (80.2, 86.6) %, U = 758.500, P < 0.05]. There were no significant differences in age, smoking index and forced vital capacity between COPD and OS groups ( t = - 0.963, 1 150.000, - 1.954, all P > 0.05). Correlation and Logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk of severe or very severe airflow limitation was lower in the OS group than in the COPD group ( OR = 0.392, P < 0.05). BMI, FEV 1, FEV 1%pred were the risk factors of COPD combined with OSA ( OR = 1.185, 5.554, 1.034, all P < 0.05). BMI and FEV 1 were the independent risk factors of COPD combined with OSA ( OR = 1.168, 5.248, both P < 0.05). Conclusion:COPD and OSA are more common in males and in patients with higher BMI. OSA patients tend to develop lower degree of airflow limitation and more severe hypoxemia and apnea-hypopnea at night than COPD patients. Apnea-hypopnea index is the protective factor against airflow limitation in COPD. BMI, FEV 1 and FEV 1%pred are the risk factors of COPD combined with OSA. BMI and FEV 1 are the independent risk factors of COPD combined with OSA.
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Background@#Tigecycline, eravacycline, and omadacycline are recently developed tetracyclines. Susceptibility of microbes to these tetracyclines and their molecular mechanisms have not been well elucidated. We investigated the susceptibility of Moraxella catarrhalis to tigecycline, eravacycline, and omadacycline and its resistance mechanisms against these tetracyclines. @*Methods@#A total of 207 non-duplicate M. catarrhalis isolates were collected from different inpatients. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the tetracyclines were determined by broth microdilution. Tigecycline-, eravacycline-, or omadacycline-resistant isolates were induced under In Vitro pressure. The tet genes and mutations in the 16S rRNA was detected by PCR and sequencing. @*Results@#Eravacycline had a lower MIC50 (0.06 mg/L) than tigecycline (0.125 mg/L) or omadacycline (0.125 mg/L) against M. catarrhalis isolates. We found that 136 isolates (65.7%) had the tetB gene, and 15 (7.2%) isolates were positive for tetL; however, their presence was not correlated with high tigecycline, eravacycline, or omadacycline ( ≥ 1 mg/L) MICs.Compared with the initial MIC after 160 days of induction, the MICs of tigecycline or eravacycline against three M. catarrhalis isolates increased ≥ eight-fold, while those of omadacycline against two M. catarrhalis isolates increased 64-fold. Mutations in the 16S rRNA genes (C1036T and/or G460A) were observed in omadacycline-induced resistant isolates, and increased RR (the genes encoding 16SrRNA (four copies, RR1-RR4) copy number of 16S rRNA genes with mutations was associated with increased resistance to omadacycline. @*Conclusions@#Tigecycline, eravacycline, and omadacycline exhibited robust antimicrobial effects against M. catarrhalis. Mutations in the 16S rRNA genes contributed to omadacycline resistance in M. catarrhalis.
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Triterpenoid saponins is an important secondary metabolites in medicinal plants, and the tetracyclic triterpenoid saponins, as one of the main categories, have very high medicinal value and market demand. However, there is no systematic review on the research. Thus, the elucidation of the biosynthetic pathway and metabolism of the medicinal plant tetracyclic triterpenoid saponins has important theoretical significance and broad application prospects.In this review, the biosynthetic pathway and metabolic regulation of medicinal plant of tetracyclic triterpenoid saponins were discussed. My focus in this paper was to introduce the research development of several metabolic biosynthetic pathways of tetracyclic triterpenoid saponins centered on dammarane type, and the gene improvement by methods such as metabolic pathway and other technological methods. This study provides references on secondary metabolic framework of medicinal plants of tetracyclic triterpenoid saponins, accurately locating secondary metabolism and its key enzymes, and promoting the sustainable uses of medicinal plant resources.
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Medicinal plants and microorganisms show a close relationship,both of which are from the plantmicroorganism symbiont system and interact mutually.Microorganisms are closely related to the growth,reproduction and secondary metabolic activities of medicinal plants.The symbiotic relationship between medicinal plants and microbes is the hotspot of medicinal plants in recent years.This paper summarized the relationship between medicinal plants and microorganisms.It reviewed the effects of medicinal plant species and root exudates on the microbial community composition and diversity,the effects of medicinal plant rhizosphere microbes on plant growth,the specificity of microorganism and the molecular recognition mechanism of medicinal plants and microorganisms.This article also provided the basis for excavation and utilization of the mechanism of interaction between medicinal plants and microorganisms,which were significance for the effective use of microbial growth mechanism to improve the stress resistance of medicinal plants,to increase the yield and to improve the quality of medicinal plants.
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The occurrence of Panax notoginseng diseases seriously constrains its economic yield,which has becoming one of the main factors that hinders the development of P.notoginseng.For the sustainable development of P.notoginseng industry,this study summarized the pathogens,incidence conditions,transmissions and control methods of main P.notoginseng diseases.This paper elaborated that the prevention of major P.notoginseng diseases should be a comprehensive strategy based on agricultural,chemical and biological control.The disease prevention-control system of focusing on prevention and comprehensive management should be established.The breeding of new varieties should be strengthened to improve the disease resistance and to promote the sustainable development of P.notoginseng industry.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide theoretical basis for artificial cross breeding of Angelica dahurica from Sichuan and Hebei Province, the characteristics of stigma receptivity and the viability and life-span of pollen were studied.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The viability and life-span of pollen were evaluated by TTC (2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazlium chloride) test, and the stigma receptivity was estimated by benzidine-H2O2 method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The pollen viability of A. dahurica from Sichuan and Hebei provinces was increased gradually since the bud stage, but those levels had since subsided after the pollen release from craze antheral. There was a little difference in the pollen viability of A. dahurica from Sichuan at different branches. While the order of the pollen viability of A. dahurica from Hebei was main stem < first-order branching < second-order branching. At room temperature, the pollen viability of both decreased during time of anthers dehiscing but also above 50% after 5 days. Compared with 4 degrees C and room temperature, conservation at - 20 degrees C could extend life of the pollen. The stigma had receptivity in 4th day and reached the highest level in the 6th day after blooming.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The optimum artificial pollination times of A. dahurica was 6 days after blooming and choose the pollen in the peak stage of anthers dehiscing.</p>
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Angelica , Physiology , Flowers , Physiology , Pollen , PhysiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the absorption and transformation of N, P, K and plant growth as well as the accumulation of active ingredients in Angelica dahurica var. formosana from Sichuan province and provide basis for rational fertilization.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Samples were collected in different growth phrases, and correlative morphological indexes, the contents and accumulations of N, P, K and active ingredients were determined.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The vegetative growth period of A. dahurica var. formosana sowed in autumn could be preliminarily divided into three phases: seedling period, aerial-part peak growth period and root peak growth period. With the development, the plant height and aerial part dry weight increased at the earlier stage, and then decreased. But the root length, root diameter, and root dry weight increased. The absorptive capacity of N, P and K varied among different developing stages. In general, the absorptive capacity of N and K was the higher than that of P. The order of total nutrition accumulation was N > P > K, the accumulation of N, P and K in aerial part decreased gradually during the growth period, while the accumulation of N, P and K in root increased gradually. The concentration of imperatorin and isoimperatorin showed decreasing-increasing-decreasing-increasing trend, while the accumulation of them increased gradually. And the correlation analysis results showed that the accumulation of P and K in aerial part had positive correlation with the concentration of imperatorin in root, the accumulation of N, P and K in root had positive correlation with the concentration of isoimperatorin in root.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>From late April, A. dahurica var. formosana from Sichuan province entered root peak growth period and the accumulation of N, P, K, imperatorin and isoimperatorin in root increased rapidly. So the balanced application of fertilizer should be considered.</p>
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Angelica , Chemistry , Metabolism , China , Fertilizers , Nitrogen , Metabolism , Phosphorus , Metabolism , Potassium , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the optimum conditions of simulated drought stress, and screen the indexes of drought resistance and comprehensively assess the drought resistance of the Angelica dahurica resources during seedling stage.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Investigations were carried out on the changes of height, root length, root-shoot ration, contents of soluble sugar, proline and malondialdehyde under polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000)-simulated drought stress. A comprehensive evaluation on the drought resistance of different (varietal) species of A. dahurica during seedling stage was applied by using the method of subordinate function. And the drought resistance indexes were selected out by applying the method of grey correlative degree analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Drought stress of 9 days with 20% PEG was the optimum condition for the simulation of drought stress. The results showed that the drought resistant capability decreased in the order as follows, A. dahurica from Sichuan province, A. dahurica from Henan province, A. dahurica from Hebei province and A. dahurica from Zhejiang province. And the order of correlative degree of drought resistance and indexes was: soluble sugar > root length > proline > root-shoot ration > total content of chlorophyll > chlorophyll b > chlorophyll a > height > malondialdehyde.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Osmotic adjustment substance and the indexes related to the root have more influence on the drought resistance of A. dahurica during seedling stage. A. dahurica from Sichuan province shows the highest drought resistance during seedling stage.</p>
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Angelica , Chemistry , Physiology , Droughts , Plant Extracts , Polyethylene Glycols , Pharmacology , Seedlings , Chemistry , Physiology , Stress, PhysiologicalABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In recent years, the effects of cytokines on osteoporosis have Received much attention, and of these cytokines, interleukin-6(IL-6) is considered to play an important role in the regulation of bone absorption.OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of bone mineral density(BMD) and serum IL-6 rats with in senile osteoporosis after reperfusion with kidney and spleen-tonifying and blood flow-promoting prescription of traditional Chinese medicine.DESIGN: A randomized controlled experimental study based on the experimental animals.SETTING: Second Department of Cadre, Bethune International Peace Hospital of Chinese PLA; department of regimen and rehabilitation in a college of traditional Chinese medicine.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the Center of Experimental Animals, Hubei College of Traditional Chinese Medicine between May and August 2003. Thirty 15-month-old Wistar rats(15 males and 15 females) were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology.METHODS: According to random number table method, 30 rats were divided into normal control group, pathological control group and traditional Chinese prescription treatment group. Rat models of senile osteoporosis were established in the latter two groups by injection with 2.5 mg/kg dexamethasone given twice a weeks for 6 consecutive weeks. Rats in normal control group and pathological control group were given oral administration of saline,and those in the treatment group were treated with the traditional Chinese prescription. After 6 weeks of treatment, blood samples were obtained from all rats by removing the eyeballs and the serum was separated by centrifugation,followed by truncation of the right hindlimb for dissection of the femoral bone. Serum IL-6 was measured by radioimmunoassay and BMD determined by means of displacement of acetone.MAIN OU TCOME MEASURES: BMD of the femoral bone and serum IL-6 level.RESULTS: The BMD of the pathological control group was significantly lower ( P < 0.01), but the serum IL-6 level was significantly higher( P < 0.01 ) than those of the normal control group. The BMD of the treatment group was significantly higher but serum IL-6 level significantly lower than those of the pathological control group ( P < 0.01 for both comparisons).CONCLUSION: The traditional Chinese prescription can decrease the production of IL-6 and lower serum IL-6 level to reduce the bone loss in senile rats.